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Mathematical Fundamentals of Reactive Power and Power Factor in the Time Domain, William Steven Seelye, October 2006, Presented at the 2006 Electric Cooperative Conference.

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to provide the reader with the mathematical fundamentals needed to understand reactive power and power factor and to follow some of the latest research in the field. From personal experience, the author has found that many professionals working in the electric utility industry either have an inadequate understanding of power factor and reactive power or simply have difficulty explaining the concepts to other people. The author suspects that one of the principal reasons for this is that power factor and reactive power are often presented in terms of complex power (i.e., in the “frequency” domain) and in terms of the familiar power factor triangle without describing the basic mathematics and underlying circuit equations used to develop these concepts. Utility customers and regulatory staff members with a rudimentary technical background will often grasp the basic principles of reactive power if the subject is first introduced in the time domain before explaining the concepts in the frequency domain.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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